Description Configures the specified pin to behave either as an input or an output. See the description of digital pins for details on the functionality of the pins. It is possible to enable the internal pullup resistors with the mode INPUT_PULLUP. Additionally, the INPUT mode explicitly disables the internal pullups. Syntax pinMode(pin, mode) Parameters pin: […]

Description Write a HIGH or a LOW value to a digital pin. If the pin has been configured as an OUTPUT with pinMode(), its voltage will be set to the corresponding value: 3.3V for HIGH, 0V (ground) for LOW. Syntax digitalWrite(pin, value) Parameters pin: the pin number value: HIGH or LOW Returns none Example Sets […]

The const keyword stands for constant. It is a variable qualifier that modifies the behavior of the variable, making a variable “read-only”. This means that the variable can be used just as any other variable of its type, but its value cannot be changed. You will get a compiler error if you try to assign […]

Description The sizeof operator returns the number of bytes in a variable type, or the number of bytes occupied by an array. Syntax sizeof(variable) Parameters variable: any variable type or array (e.g. int, float, byte) Example code The sizeof operator is useful for dealing with arrays (such as strings) where it is convenient to be […]

volatile is a keyword known as a variable qualifier, it is usually used before the datatype of a variable, to modify the way in which the compiler and subsequent program treats the variable. Declaring a variable volatile is a directive to the compiler. The compiler is software which translates your C/C++ code into the machine […]

The static keyword is used to create variables that are visible to only one function. However unlike local variables that get created and destroyed every time a function is called, static variables persist beyond the function call, preserving their data between function calls. Variables declared as static will only be created and initialized the first […]

Variables in the C programming language, which 86Duino uses, have a property called scope. This is in contrast to early versions of languages such as BASIC where every variable is a global variable. A global variable is one that can be seen by every function in a program. Local variables are only visible to the […]

Description Converts a value to the float data type. Syntax float(x) Parameters x: a value of any type Returns float Notes See the reference for float for details about the precision and limitations of floating point numbers on 86Duino. See also － float Language Reference Home The text of the 86Duino reference is a modification […]

Description Converts a value to the long data type. Syntax long(x) Parameters x: a value of any type Returns long See also － long Language Reference Home The text of the 86Duino reference is a modification of the Arduino reference, and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. Code samples in the reference […]

Description Convert a value to the word data type or create a word from two bytes. Syntax word(x) word(h, l) Parameters x: a value of any type h: the high-order (leftmost) byte of the word l: the low-order (rightmost) byte of the word Returns word See also － word Language Reference Home The text of […]